1)The sound potpourri
There be deuce-ace main principles for the sound classification:
1)The articulatory obstruction-One of the principles of the articulatory classification of consonants- either a pressing(construction) or a complete closure(occlusion) of the vocal organs in speech production.
This principle is absent in vowels.
2)The sinewy tension(pressure)-The force of muscular pressure:e.g. for vowels it is diffused evenly in the m erupth cavity,for consonants it is concentrated in the place of stick.
3)Force of exhalation-Breathing line of reasoning out of the lungs and the mouth or nasal cavities,it can be lightsome for vowels and sonorants,and strong for noise consonants.
2)The definition of vowels
Vowel is one of a class of speech sounds in the articulation of which the flow of air from the lungs passes through the mouth,which functions as a resonator,without obstruction and hearable friction,but with unvarying vibrations of the vocal cords.
3)Vowel classification
1)The stability of articulation
2)The horizontal hunting expedition of the tongue
3)The Vertical movement of the tongue
4)The lip position
5)The lengthduration
4) comparative analysis of vowels
[i:]- front,close narrow
[I]- front retracted,close broad,monophthong
[æ]- front,open broad,monophthong
[e]- front,mid narrow,monophthong
[u:]- back,close narrow labialized
[?]- back advanced close broad,labialized,monophthong
5)Noise consonants-speech sounds produced when the vocal tract is either blocked or so restricted that there is audible friction.[p,t,v,z,ð]
6)Classification of noise consonants
By type of occlusion noise consonants are divided up into stops, in pronouncing which the mouth forms a complete obstruction, and the fricatives, the articulation of which the mouth forms an incomplete obstruction.
Stops noisy consonants are divided into plosives and affricates.
7)English consonants
[?] voiceless,constrictive,fortis
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