Factors Contributing To Fossilization

(1)general introduction
As the most prominent feature of inter lecture, fossilisation is a complex and essential topic in the field of battle of second linguistic communication acquisition research.
1)Definition
Ellis points out that L2 learners do non reach the end of interlanguage continuum. They stop learning when their interlanguage contains at least some rules different from those of the target language system.
2)Classification
1.individual fossilization V.S. group fossilization
Individual fossilization has 2 aspects: one is that the learners keep making those correspondent errors that have been right many times; the other is the language competence fossilization. group fossilization represents the universal language competence of most individuals in some certain area and leads to the appearance of a mixed bag of language, such as Indian English.
2. unorthodox fossilization V.S. unending fossilization
According to the feature, fossilization can be divided into temporary fossilization and permanent fossilization.
For most foreign language learners, in particular those who do not major in foreign language learning, their fossilization generally fall to the temporary fossilization or the its premonitoryâ€"stabilization. In such case, if the learners could get optional input (Krashen, 1982), their interlanguage can be improved to a high lever again.





(2) Causes of fossilization
1) internal causes
1.age
The Critical Period Hypothesis & the responsive period theory
(Here I dont say more about CPH which weve learned, and about the latter, Lamendella used sensitive period to relieve the fossilization and produced another new concept of infrasystem.)
The biological explaination mostly accounts for the fossilization of L2 pronunciation, as the available evidence suggests that children do discover than adult L2 and speaking tests, while the adolescent and adults are similar to or better than children in the acquisition of grammar and morphemes.
2.psychological distance
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